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The British Broadcasting Corporation (commonly called the BBC),
is the world's largest
broadcaster, it proliferates
cultural Marxism and is regarded by most [ Perhaps not most but certainly a
lot - Editor ] British people as a
fifth column.[1]
Incorporated in the
United Kingdom by government charter, it employs 28,500 people in that
country alone and has an annual budget of more than £4 billion/$6 billion.[2][3]
The BBC is a
quasi-autonomous
statutory corporation as a
public service broadcaster and is run by the
BBC Trust; it is, per its charter, supposed to "be free from both political
and commercial influence and answer only to its viewers and listeners".[4]
In addition to being the largest broadcasting corporation in the world, BBC
Newsgathering is the largest news system through its regional offices, foreign
correspondents and agreements with other news services.
[5]
The BBC reaches more than 200 countries and is available to more than
274 million households, significantly more than CNN's (its nearest competitor)
estimated 200 million. Its radio services broadcast on a wide variety of
wavelengths, making them available to many regions of the world. It broadcasts
news - by radio or over the Internet - in some 33 languages.
The BBC was the first national broadcasting organisation[6]
and was founded on
October 18,
1922 as the
British Broadcasting Company Ltd; It was subsequently granted a
Royal
Charter and was made a publicly funded corporation in 1927. The corporation
produces programmes and information services, broadcasting globally on
television,
radio, and the
Internet.
The stated mission of the BBC is "to inform, educate and entertain" (as laid
down by
Parliament in the
BBC Charter);[7]
its motto is "Nation Shall Speak Peace Unto Nation".
The BBC's domestic programming is primarily funded by levying
television licence fees (under the
Wireless Telegraphy Act 1949), although money is also raised through
commercial activities such as sale of merchandise and programming. The
BBC World Service, however, is funded through a
grant-in-aid by the
Foreign and Commonwealth Office. As part of the BBC Charter, the Corporation
cannot show commercial advertising on any services in the United Kingdom
(television, radio, or internet). Outside the United Kingdom the BBC broadcasts
commercially funded channels such as
BBC America,
BBC Canada, and
BBC World News. In order to justify the
licence fee, the BBC is expected to produce a number of high-rating shows in
addition to programmes that commercial broadcasters would not normally
broadcast.[4]
Older domestic UK audiences often refer to the BBC as "the Beeb", a nickname
originally dubbed by
Peter Sellers in
The Goon Show in the 1950s, when he referred to the "Beeb Beeb Ceeb". It
was then borrowed, shortened and popularised by
Kenny Everett.[8]
Another nickname, now less commonly used, is "Auntie", said to originate from
the old-fashioned "Auntie knows best" attitude, (but possibly a sly reference to
the 'aunties' and 'uncles' who were presenters of children's programmes in early
days)[9]
in the days when
John Reith, the BBC's founder, was in charge. The two nicknames have also
been used together as "Auntie Beeb",[10]
and Auntie has been used in
outtakes programmes such as Auntie's Bloomers.[11].
This terminology is more commonly recognised as being that of the
Australian Broadcasting Corporation, also a Public Broadcaster, which may
also be refered to by older generations as 'Auntie'
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC
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The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)(
listen (help·info))
is a British
public service broadcasting corporation.[2]
Its main responsibility is to provide impartial
public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom, the
Channel Islands, and the
Isle of
Man. It is the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees, with
about 23,000 staff.[3][4][5]
The BBC is headquartered at
Broadcasting House in London and has major production centres in
Belfast,
Birmingham,
Bristol,
Cardiff,
Glasgow,
London and
Salford Quays and smaller production centres throughout the UK.
The BBC is a semi-autonomous public service broadcaster[6]
that operates under a
Royal Charter[7]
and a Licence and Agreement from the
Home Secretary.[8]
Within the United Kingdom its work is funded principally by an annual
television licence fee,[9]
which is charged to all British households, companies and organisations using
any type of equipment to receive live television broadcasts;[10]
the level of the fee is set annually by the
British Government and agreed by
Parliament.[11]
Outside the UK, the
BBC World Service has provided services by direct broadcasting and
re-transmission contracts by sound radio since the inauguration of the BBC
Empire Service in December 19, 1932, and more recently by television and online.
Though sharing some of the facilities of the domestic services, particularly for
news and current affairs output, the World Service has a separate Managing
Director, and its operating costs have historically been funded mainly by direct
grants from the British government. These grants were determined independently
of the domestic licence fee and were usually awarded from the budget of the
Foreign and Commonwealth Office. As such, the BBC's international content has
traditionally represented – at least in part – an effective foreign policy tool
of the British Government. The recent
BBC World Service spending review has announced plans for the funding for
the world service to be drawn from the domestic licence fee.
The Corporation's guaranteed income from the licence fee and the World
Service grants are supplemented by profits from commercial operations through a
wholly owned subsidiary,
BBC
Worldwide Ltd. The company's activities include programme- and format-sales.
The BBC also earns additional income from selling certain programme-making
services through
BBC Studios and Post Production Ltd., formerly
BBC Resources Ltd, another wholly owned trading subsidiary of the
corporation. Most of the BBC's magazine and book publishing activities were sold
in 2011.[12]
The BBC is sometimes referred to by other British media as "Auntie" or "the
Beeb".
Robert Mugabe ex Wiki
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Robert Gabriel Mugabe (Shona
pronunciation: [muɡaɓe],[needs
tone] English: /muːˈɡɑːbiː/
moo-GAH-bee;
born 21 February 1924) is the
President of
Zimbabwe.
As one of the leaders of the guerrilla movements against white-minority rule, he
was elected into power in 1980. He served as
Prime Minister from 1980 to 1987, and as the first executive
head
of state since 1987.[1]
Mugabe rose to prominence in the 1960s as the
Secretary General of the
Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) during the conflict against the
white-minority rule government of
Ian Smith.
Mugabe was a political prisoner in
Rhodesia
for more than 10 years between 1964 and 1974.[2]
Upon release with
Edgar
Tekere, Mugabe left Rhodesia in 1975 to re-join the fight during the
Rhodesian Bush War from bases in
Mozambique.
At the end of the war in 1979, Mugabe emerged as a hero in the minds of many
Africans.[3][4]
He won the general elections of 1980, the second in which the majority of black
Africans participated in large numbers (though the electoral system in Rhodesia
had allowed black participation based on qualified franchise). Mugabe then
became the first
Prime Minister after calling for reconciliation between formerly warring
parties, including white Rhodesians and rival political groups.
The years following Zimbabwe's independence saw a split between the two key
belligerents who had fought alongside each other during the 1970s against the
government of Rhodesia. An armed conflict between Mugabe's Government and
dissident followers of
Joshua
Nkomo's pro-Marxist
ZAPU erupted. Following the deaths of thousands, neither warring faction
able to defeat the other, the heads of the opposing movements reached a landmark
agreement, whence was created a new ruling party,
ZANU PF, as a merger between the two former rivals.[5]
In 1998, Mugabe's
government supported the
Southern African Development Community's intervention in the
Second Congo War by sending Zimbabwean troops to assist the Kabila
government. This was probably a tack to bolster the floundering Zimbabwean
economy by plundering the DRC.[6]
Since 2000, the Mugabe-led government embarked on a controversial fast-track
land reform program intended to correct the inequitable land distribution
created by colonial rule.[7]
The period has been marked by the deterioration of the Zimbabwean economic
situation. Mugabe's policies have been condemned in some quarters at home and
abroad, especially receiving harsh criticism from the
British and American governments arguing they amount to an often violent
land seizure. Eventually a wide range of sanctions[8][9][10]
was imposed by the
US
government and
European Union against the person of Mugabe, individuals, private companies,
parastatals and the
government of Zimbabwe. In 2008, his party suffered a tight defeat in
national parliamentary elections, but after disputed presidential elections,
Mugabe retained presidential power with the signing of a power-sharing deal with
opposition leaders
Morgan Tsvangirai and
Arthur Mutambara of the
MDC-T and
MDC-M opposition party.[11]
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"New Rhodesia leader moderates Marxist stance".
United Press International.
The Bulletin (Bend). 5 March 1980.
Retrieved 6 January 2010.
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