Inside the Egyptian revolution

So the government is the Enemy Within, an Enemy Of The People just like Mubarak, Stalin, Brown, Cameron, whoever. The people need to get rid of them; to get honest government. Revolution is an answer that tends to mean blood. But there are other approaches. Nonviolent Revolution is one. Tax rebels have another, very effective method - see Taking the Tenth - Fred On Everything on that approach. As Fred says  they take everything else.

There is a body of literature on how to set up non-violent revolution which has not had much in the way of publicity. At all events it passed me by but there are sources out there which are worth some thought. This little essay leads to some of them.

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/14/world/middleeast/14egypt-tunisia-protests.html?

A Tunisian-Egyptian Link That Shook Arab History

A Tunisian-Egyptian Link That Shook Arab History

The Jewish Influence on Egypt's Glorious Revolution: A Gene Sharp Reader leads to the next one.

Nonviolent Revolution
When the oppressed have no guns they need other means to get freedom, accountability, prosperity etcetera. Professor Sharp explains all.

 

Egyptian Revolution And Jews
QUOTE
If you are anything like me, you've been transfixed by the Egyptian revolution.  If you value political freedom, human dignity and non-violent resistance as means to achieve both, than this was an event impossible not to love.  We all know the future is uncertain--if a legitimate democracy will takes Mubarak's place, and if that democracy will mesh with its former allies, America and Israel among them--but the short history of the revolution itself is what both conservatives and liberals alike in the U.S.
UNQUOTE
A Jew boasts.

 

Otpor!
QUOTE
Otpor! ( English: Resistance!) was a non-partisan civic youth movement in Serbia that employed nonviolent struggle as their course of action. They were credited for their role in the successful overthrow of Slobodan Milošević in October 2000.
UNQUOTE
Being irate, noisy and popular are some of the key points.

 

From Inside the Egyptian revolution - www.freemalaysiatoday.com/2011/04/14/inside-the-egyptian-revolution/

Inside the Egyptian revolution
It was an uprising five years in the making and when it finally erupted, it was largely non-violent and a turning-point for Egypt.
By Marwa Awad and Hugo Dixon

CAIRO: In early 2005, Cairo-based computer engineer Saad Bahaar was trawling the Internet when he came across a trio of Egyptian expatriates who advocated the use of non-violent techniques to overthrow strongman Hosni Mubarak.

Bahaar, then 32 and interested in politics and how Egypt might change, was intrigued by the idea. He contacted the group, lighting one of the fuses that would end in freedom in Tahrir Square six years later.

The three men he approached – Hisham Morsy, a physician, Wael Adel, a civil engineer by training, and Adel’s cousin Ahmed, a chemist – had all left Egypt for jobs in London.

Inspired by the way Serbian group Otpor! had brought down Slobodan Milosevic through non-violent protests in 2000, the trio studied previous struggles. One of their favourite thinkers was Gene Sharp, a Boston-based academic who was heavily influenced by Mahatma Gandhi. The group had set up a webpage in 2004 to propagate civil disobedience ideas in Arabic.

At first, the three young Egyptians’ activities were purely theoretical. But in November 2005, Wael Adel came to Cairo to give a three-day training session on civil disobedience. In the audience were about 30 members of Kefaya, an anti-Mubarak protest group whose name means “enough” in Arabic.

Kefaya had gained prominence during the September 2005 presidential election which Mubarak won by a landslide. During these protests, they had been attacked by thugs and some women members had been stripped naked.

Bahaar joined Adel on the course and his career as an underground trainer in non-violent activism was born.

Adel taught activists how to function within a decentralised network [ as in Leaderless Resistance ]. Doing so would make it harder for the security services to snuff them out by arresting leaders. They were also instructed on how to maintain a disciplined non-violent approach in the face of police brutality, and how to win over bystanders.

“The third party, the bystander sitting on the fence, will join when he realises that security forces’ use of violence is unwarranted,” Bahaar said in one of a series of interviews with Reuters. “Security will harass you to provoke an angry violent response to justify a repressive crackdown in the name of law and order. But you must avoid this trap.”

The process took time. As Wael Adel put it during an interview in a rundown Cairo cafe in March, there was a process of “trial and error” before Egypt’s non-violent warriors were strong enough to begin to take on a dictator.

Kefaya, for example, did run some more campaigns – including one for judicial independence in 2006. But it failed to stir mass protests or expand beyond the middle class elite. There was also internal disagreement between its younger activists and older politicians. By 2007, it had lost its momentum and many had quit.

The Academy Of Change
In the meantime, the trio of thinkers had morphed into an organisation called the Academy of Change [ which does not have a Wiki entry - Ed. ] – based in London and ultimately moving to Qatar. The academy became a window for Egypt’s activists into civil disobedience movements outside the Arab world. To disseminate the new methods of resistance, it wrote books about non-violent activism with a focus on the Arab world: “Civil Disobedience,” “Non-violent War the 3rd Choice” and “AOC MindQuake” that were published in 2007 [ None of which are available from Amazon - Editor ].

A year later the academy published “Shields to Protect Against Fear” [  [ Also not available from Amazon - Editor ], a manual on techniques to protect one’s body against attacks by security services during a protest. “The idea of non-violent protest is not martyrdom,” Adel said. “We knew that to get ordinary Egyptians, and Arabs, to face their governments and security, they have to have tools to protect themselves. This boosts the morale and enthusiasm to go to the street.”

The ideas espoused by the academy spread through Egypt. The calls for change reached industrial areas where large groups of workers have long suffered low wages and bad work conditions.

Mounting economic hardship mobilised workers in the Nile Delta city of Mahalla El Kobra, home to the country’s biggest textile factory. The workers had been in contact with Kefaya activists and other independent labour activists. The groundwork for a sustained mass mobilisation was being prepared.

The first real victory sprung from Mahalla in December 2006 when over 20,000 textile workers staged a six-day strike over unpaid bonuses. The protesters – peaceful but stubborn – confused police forces accustomed to clashing with disorganised crowds. The government offered concessions to avoid losses from a halt to production.

Then came a setback. In April 2008, workers in Mahalla went out on strike again, over rising prices. An online call by Kefaya’s former activists to support the Mahalla strike fizzled out. Meanwhile, in Mahalla, the protest turned violent. Activists claim plainclothes police destroyed public and police
property and then blamed it on the protesters.

Bloody clashes between police and Mahalla citizens lasted three days. Police fired live rounds and teargas, while enraged crowds threw rocks. At least three people were killed, hundreds were wounded and scores arrested.

More discipline was needed. Bahaar began to widen his efforts, travelling to disparate locations farther away from the capital to extend grassroots awareness of peaceful civil disobedience.

Meanwhile, ex-Kefaya activists formed the April 6 Facebook group, using the Internet to gather supporters. The group adopted the Otpor clenched-fist logo and some members travelled to Serbia for civil disobedience training.

The Facebook activists
February 2010. Mohamed ElBaradei was back in Cairo. The former head of the International Atomic Energy Association and Nobel 
peace prize winner had inspired some of Egypt’s younger
generation that change was possible. Several of them had created a Facebook page backing ElBaradei as the country’s next president. But how were they to achieve their goal given Mubarak’s repressive regime? They turned to the academy for help.

The academy directed them to its online training manuals, which the Facebook activists tried for a while. But despite their being Internet savvy, many felt that relying entirely on online training was too theoretical. Couldn’t the academy give them practical training?

Enter Bahaar.
Those who had signed up to the Facebook page were divided into groups of 100. Bahaar trained eight of the groups in different parts of the country using, among other tools, Powerpoint presentations that explained how you maximise the power of a protest movement.

Every protester had a family, and around the family was a wider community, Bahaar explained. If a protester was arrested or beaten by the police, his or her family might be radicalised.

Similarly, if a policeman engaged in brutality, his family and social network might not be supportive. By maintaining disciplined non-violent activity, the regime’s power could be progressively weakened.

Why wasn’t Bahaar himself arrested? He says this was partly because he was working underground but also, he thinks, because the security services didn’t judge his non-violent approach a threat.

Others were not so lucky. Khaled Said, 28, was beaten to death by police in Alexandria, Egypt’s second-largest city, in June 2010. His family said he had posted a video showing police officers sharing the spoils of a drugs bust.

Said’s body was barely recognisable and the act of brutality galvanised further protests – in particular, the anti-torture Facebook page “We are Khaled Said,” created by Google executive Wael Ghonim and underground activist AbdelRahman Mansour.

The page played a pivotal role in spreading non-violent strategies such as “flash mob” silent protests, where groups of people suddenly gather in a public place and do something unusual in unison for a short time before dispersing.

Instructions for a nationwide “flash mob” were posted on the page. Participants were told to dress in black and arrive at specific locations in small groups to skirt the ban on large public gatherings. They formed single files along main roads with their backs turned to the street. After a certain hour they marched away.

“The Khaled Said page drew countless willing supporters, many apolitical, because its focus was ending human rights violations and that is an issue that affects all citizens. The page set gradual, easy-to-handle tasks. People felt safe and joined,” said Ahmed Saleh, one of the organisers working with the ElBaradei youth campaign and Khaled Said page.

Like Mahalla’s 2006 strike, the flash mob was a new type of protest unfamiliar to security forces. Its cadres were organised, civil, and well diffused across Egypt – and seemingly leaderless. The police didn’t know how to react.

Participants were trained in non-violent techniques – both online, by the “Khaled Said” page founders, and on the ground, by Bahaar.

Freedom Square
In late 2010, the Khaled Said page decided to call for something more ambitious – a nationwide march to demand the dissolution of Parliament, the disbanding of the state security agency, seen by Egyptians as the state’s main arm of torture, and the resignation of the interior minister.

The date chosen for mass action was Jan 25, Egypt’s national police day. Mansour – who was conscripted into the army on Jan 17 – posted the call for the nationwide march on Dec 28.

Protesters were urged to march to Cairo’s Tahrir Square and other public spaces across the country. The page was not yet calling for Mubarak to go. It was Tunisia’s popular uprising, which reached its climax on Jan 14 with the ousting of President Zein El Abedine Ben Ali, which turned Egypt’s protests into an uprising.

The protest drew people of all ages and backgrounds. By 8pm a unified, single chant inspired by Tunisia rang around Tahrir (Arabic for “freedom”) Square: “The people demand the fall of the regime.” By then, many understood at least a few of the tactics of non-violent disobedience.

“You don’t need to train every single protester, only a small group of activists well connected with people in their local areas. Ideas spread like a virus,” says Bahaar.

Protesters conversed with riot police sent to cordon off the square. The aim was simple: win over those in uniform. Women gave out food and biscuits to hungry conscripts and officers.

Young people quickly regrouped after being dispersed. Some climbed security personnel carriers to drag down officers firing teargas and water cannons, raising the crowd’s resolve to push security back and gain more ground.

A pattern of whistling and rhythmic banging of stones on metal fences in Tahrir spontaneously developed when they needed to rally reinforcements to hold the fort. Protesters would also whistle to signal their success in forcing security to pull back.

Encouraged by the mass protests, the Khaled Said page posted a second online call for Jan 28, naming the event a “revolution” to overthrow the regime.

April 6 activists and youth from the Muslim Brotherhood formed the crucial front lines of protesters who broke security cordons and later faced attacks from pro-Mubarak loyalists. The youth of the Muslim Brotherhood, Egypt’s most organised opposition force whose members are accustomed to working within disciplined ranks, played a critical role in organising activists into security teams to guard Tahrir Square’s multiple entrances. They searched those who came into the square for weapons or fluids that could be turned into Molotov cocktails. They wanted neither infiltrators nor supporters to turn to violence.

To help demonstrators hold true to non-violent resistance, the academy posted online an eight-minute film covering similar ground to its 2008 manual. This explained how people could protect their chests and backs with makeshift shields made of plastic and thick cardboard, and how to mitigate the effect of teargas by covering their faces with handkerchiefs doused in vinegar, lemons or onions.

For the most part, people were having fun. They also took pride in their ownership of the square. Music was put on. Volunteers and protesters swept it, collected garbage and built outhouses.

“Non-violent action is not just about non-violence, but also about joy and happiness,” Adel said. “The festive atmosphere was a key element to drawing the high numbers that Egypt had rarely seen. People felt safe so they came out. They saw in Tahrir what Egypt could possibly be in the future and they wanted to be part of this new Egypt.”

The protests were not entirely peaceful. In particular, scuffles broke out after a group of thugs thought to have been organised by Mubarak’s henchmen charged through the square on horses and camels on Feb 2, beating and whipping protesters in what came to be known as the “Battle of the Camel”. Many demonstrators fought back, throwing stones at Mubarak loyalists to keep them from entering the square. But there was no wholesale riot and discipline returned.

“The key to a successful non-violent revolt is its ability to constantly reinvent and correct itself,” Adel says. “If violence or conflict breaks out, quickly resolve it while finding ways to avoid it.”

Trained cadres shouted “peaceful, peaceful!” to restrain their hotter-headed colleagues. Soon after, the army, which had not been involved in the clashes, said it would not fire on unarmed civilians.
Nine days later Mubarak was gone.

- Reuters

 

 

 

 

Egyptian Revolution And Jews

A Jew writes. A Jew boasts about the involvement of Jews in this revolution. He lies too but then he is a Jew or, just possibly ignorant. He is not telling the comedians with silly hats that Jews started the Bolshevik Revolution, that Jews used Martin Luther King to incite blacks in America, Jews used Nelson Mandela in South Africa

 

From The Jewish Influence on Egypt's Glorious Revolution: A Gene Sharp Reader

The Jewish Influence on Egypt's Glorious Revolution: A Gene Sharp Reader
QUOTE
If you are anything like me, you've been transfixed by the Egyptian revolution.  If you value political freedom, human dignity and non-violent resistance as means to achieve both [ Unless it happens that Jews are the perpetrators - Editor ], than this was an event impossible not to love.  We all know the future is uncertain--if a legitimate democracy will takes Mubarak's place, and if that democracy will mesh with its former allies, America and Israel among them--but the short history of the revolution itself is what both conservatives and liberals alike in the U.S. have been hoping for years: a democratic revolution with broad popular support.

But here's what you may have missed: the Jewish influence on the revolution.  In the past couple of days, the name of the non-violent theorist Gene Sharp has continued to pop up. An 81-year-old retired professor, Sharp's writings on non-violence have not only been read by the key leaders of the Egyptian revolution, but by ones who kicked off similar protests in the former Soviet states, Burma, Iran, Venezuela and many other current dictatorships. His short 90-page manual, "From Dictatorships to Democracy," has shown up in the hands of thousands of protesters, and it includes practical non-violence techniques from how to stage public funeral, to adopting a color as a movement's theme.

Right now you're probably thinking that Sharp is Jewish.  That's what I assumed, but he's not. According to this Wall Street Journal profile from 2008--when Sharp's name popped up again, after Ahmadinejad and Hugo Chavez cited him, not in praise--his father was an itinerant Protestant preacher.  But the non-violent center he's been running for almost 30 years, the Albert Einstein Institute, was funded for more than two decades by Peter Ackerman, who was Jewish.  A former student of Sharp when he taught at Harvard, Ackerman made millions working with the junk-bond financier Michael Milken.  But he remained loyal to his old professor, and when Sharp asked for funding for a non-violent center, Ackerman backed him.

The story doesn't exactly end well, however. Ackerman, the Journal reports, had a falling out with Sharp over the direction of the institute, where Sharp wanted to keep it small, and Ackerman wanted to expand.  In 2004, Ackerman stopped funding it, leaving Sharp with a $150,000 annual budget.  But Ackerman went on to fund a newer activist center based in Washington, D.C., called the International Center on Nonviolent Conflict.  Since 2002, it's also helped give advice and raise awareness about non-violent resistance to anti-democratic regimes.

Sharp has other Jewish connections too. I found an interview Sharp gave to The Progressive in 2009, where he cites some of his influences.  Of course there are the non-violent titans--Ghandi [ sic ] and Martin Luther King--but there is also the time his spent in Norway in the 1950s.  While he was there, he interviewed dozens of locals about what they did under the Nazi-allied regime during the war years.  "What did the Norwegians do during the Nazi occupation? How did they successfully resist the Norwegian fascist regime of Vidkun Quisling during the Nazi occupation?" Sharp told The Progessive.

"I interviewed several people on that subject," he went on, "and I wrote that up and it became a booklet. [The booklet details how Norwegian teachers braved intimidation and incarceration to band together and resist Quisling’s indoctrination program for the schools.] I also interviewed several people on what was done to save the Jews of Norway. And there were other successful anti-Nazi movements, such as German women married to Jewish men, who demonstrated at Rosenstrasse." 

I am sure there are other Jewish ideas that have found there way into Egypt's marvelous revolution, however circuitously. But I don't want to overclaim their significance; it is only nice to hear they exist. This event was, after all, by and for Egyptians, and there is nothing wrong with simply praising that.
UNQUOTE
A Jew write; a Jew boasts.  A Jew glosses over the truth but then that is what Jews do.