Prime Minister of the United Kingdom,
usually shortened to Prime Minister or PM is the ruler, who exerts power through
the Civil Service while
Her Majesty, the Queen Elizabeth II, is the
head of state with mainly ceremonial duties; albeit Her important duties
are less obvious.
PS Since 2022 King Charles III has reigned after
the departure of Elizabeth II.
Prime Minister ex Wiki
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A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. In many systems, the prime minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the Government. In most systems, the prime minister is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet. In a minority of systems, notably in semi-presidential systems of government, a prime minister is the official who is appointed to manage the civil service and execute the directives of the head of state.In parliamentary systems fashioned after the Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding and actual head of the government and head of the executive branch. In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e. the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a purely ceremonial position. The prime minister is often, but not always, a member of parliament and is expected with other ministers to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature. In some monarchies the monarch may also exercise executive powers (known as the royal prerogative) which are constitutionally vested in the crown and can be exercised without the approval of parliament.
As well as being head of government, a prime minister may have other roles or titles - the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, for example, is also First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service. Prime ministers may take other ministerial posts - for example during the Second World War Winston Churchill was also Minister of Defence (although there was then no Ministry of Defence). The Prime Minister of Australia, Gough Whitlam, was famous for forming his cabinet entirely of himself and his deputy as soon as the overall result of the 1972 federal election was beyond doubt (see First Whitlam Ministry).
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The Wiki at its nonpartisan best. Actually the Queen, Elizabeth II has more than ceremonial functions. It is her role and her duty, sworn on oath to ride shot gun on Her Prime Minister, to make him play by the rules. She has failed us grossly and utterly.
1957 - 1963 Harold Macmillan
1963 - 1964 Alec Douglas-Home
1964 - 1970 Wilson
1970 - 1974 Heath
1974 - 1976 Wilson
1976 - 1979 Callaghan
1979 -1990 Maggie
1990 - 1997 Major
1997 - 2007 Blair
2007 - 2010 Brown
2010 - 2016 Cameron
2016 - 2019 May
2019 - 2022 Boris Johnson
2022 - 2022 Liz Truss
2022 - ???? Sunak
1801 the right to vote in the United Kingdom was a severely restricted practice. Universal suffrage, on an equal basis for men and women over the age of 21, was established in 1929. Before 1918, general elections did not occur on a single day and polling was spread over several weeks. The date given in the table for elections prior to 1918 is the date Parliament assembled after the election, which could be in the year after the general election.
The majority figure given is for the difference between the number of MPs elected at the general election from the party (or parties) of the government, as opposed to all other parties (some of which may have been giving some support to the government, but were not participating in a coalition). The Speaker is excluded from the calculation. If the party in office changed the figure is re-calculated, but no allowance is made for changes after the general election. No attempt is made to define a majority before 1832, when the Reform Act disenfranchised the rotten boroughs; before then the Tory party had an undemocratically entrenched dominance. Particularly in the early part of the period the complexity of factional alignments, with both the Whig and Tory traditions tending to have some members in government and others in opposition factions simultaneously, make it impossible to produce an accurate majority figure. The figures between 1832 and about 1859 are approximate due to problems of defining what was a party in government, as the source provides figures for all Liberals rather than just the Whig component in what developed into the Liberal Party. The Whig and Peelite Prime Ministers in the table below are regarded as having the support of all Liberals.
Election | Date | Prime Minister(s) (during term) | Winning Party | Majority | Turnout (%)[5] | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1802 (MPs) | 22 July 1802 |
Henry Addington William Pitt the Younger[6] The Lord Grenville |
Tory Tory (Pittite who called himself a Whig) Whig |
... | ||
1806 (MPs) | 17 November 1806 | The Lord Grenville The Duke of Portland |
Whig Tory (Pittite who called himself a Whig) |
... | ||
1807 (MPs) | 22 June 1807 | The Duke of Portland Spencer Perceval[7] The Earl of Liverpool |
Tory (Pittite who called himself a Whig) Tory Tory |
... | ||
1812 (MPs) | 24 November 1812 | The Earl of Liverpool | Tory | ... | ||
1818 (MPs) | 4 August 1818 | The Earl of Liverpool | Tory | ... | ||
1820 (MPs) | 16 January 1821 | The Earl of Liverpool | Tory | ... | ||
1826 (MPs) | 19 June 1826 | The Earl of Liverpool George Canning[8] The Viscount Goderich The Duke of Wellington |
Tory Tory Tory Tory |
... | ||
1830 (MPs) | 9 August 1830 | The Duke of Wellington[9] The Earl Grey |
Tory Whig |
... | ||
1831 (MPs) | 25 July 1831 | The Earl Grey | Whig | 136 | ||
At this point, the Reform Act 1832 gave suffrage to propertied male adults and disenfranchised almost all of the rotten boroughs. | ||||||
1832 (MPs) | 29 January 1833 | The Earl Grey The Viscount Melbourne[10] The Duke of Wellington Sir Robert Peel |
Whig Whig Conservative Conservative |
225 (L) −308 (C) |
||
1835 (MPs) | 19 February 1835 | Sir Robert Peel[11] The Viscount Melbourne |
Conservative Whig |
−113 (C) 113 (L) |
||
1837 (MPs) | 15 November 1837 | The Viscount Melbourne[12] | Whig | 29 | ||
1841 (MPs) | 19 August 1841 | The Viscount Melbourne[13] Sir Robert Peel[14] Lord John Russell |
Whig Conservative Whig |
77 |
||
1847 (MPs) | 9 August 1847 | Lord John Russell[15] The Earl of Derby |
Whig Conservative |
−72 | ||
1852 (MPs) | 4 November 1852 |
The Earl of Derby[16] The Earl of Aberdeen[17] The Viscount Palmerston |
Conservative Peelite Whig |
7 | ||
1857 (MPs) | 30 April 1857 | The Viscount Palmerston[18] The Earl of Derby |
Whig Conservative |
100 |
||
1859 (MPs) | 31 May 1859 | The Earl of Derby[19] The Viscount Palmerston |
Conservative Liberal |
59 |
||
1865 (MPs) | 11 July 1865 | The Viscount Palmerston[20] The Earl Russell[21] The Earl of Derby Benjamin Disraeli |
Liberal Liberal Conservative Conservative |
81 | ||
At this point, the Reform Act 1867 significantly widened the suffrage and disenfranchised more smaller boroughs. | ||||||
1868 (MPs) | 10 December 1868 | William Ewart Gladstone | Liberal | 115 | ||
1874 (MPs) | 5 March 1874 | Benjamin Disraeli | Conservative | 49 | ||
1880 (MPs) | 29 April 1880 | William Ewart Gladstone[22] The Marquess of Salisbury |
Liberal Conservative |
51 |
||
At this point, the
Representation of the People Act 1884 extended the borough franchise
of 1867 to the counties, increasing the electorate to about 5,500,000 men. |
||||||
1885 (MPs) | 12 January 1886 | The Marquess of Salisbury[23] William Ewart Gladstone[24] |
Conservative Liberal |
−172 |
||
1886 (MPs) | 5 August 1886 | The Marquess of Salisbury | Conservative | 116 | ||
1892 (MPs) | 4 August 1892 | The Marquess of Salisbury[25] William Ewart Gladstone The Earl of Rosebery[26] The Marquess of Salisbury[27] |
Conservative Liberal Liberal Conservative |
−126 |
||
1895 (MPs) | 12 August 1895 | The Marquess of Salisbury | Conservative | 153 | ||
1900 (MPs) | 3 December 1900 | The Marquess of Salisbury Arthur Balfour Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman[28] |
Conservative Conservative Liberal |
135 |
The "khaki" election. | |
1906 (MPs) | 13 February 1906 | Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman H. H. Asquith |
Liberal | 129 | ||
January 1910 (MPs) | 15 February 1910 | H. H. Asquith | Liberal | −122 | ||
December 1910 (MPs) | 31 January 1911 | H. H. Asquith David Lloyd George |
Liberal | −126 | ||
The
Parliament Act 1911 reduced the maximum life of a Parliament from
seven years to five, however the election that would have been due by
1915 as a result of the Act was not held due to
World War I (1914–1918)
At this point, the Representation of the People Act 1918 gave suffrage to most of the adult population (men over 21, women over 30). |
||||||
1918 (MPs) | 14 December 1918 | David Lloyd George Andrew Bonar Law[29] |
Liberal (Coalition
government) Conservative |
238 |
57.2 |
The "coupon" election |
1922 (MPs) | 15 November 1922 | Andrew Bonar Law Stanley Baldwin |
Conservative | 74 | 73 | |
1923 (MPs) | 6 December 1923 | Stanley Baldwin[30] Ramsay MacDonald |
Conservative Labour |
−98 |
71.1 | |
1924 (MPs) | 29 October 1924 | Stanley Baldwin | Conservative | 210 | 77 | |
At this point, the Representation of the People Act 1928 gave universal suffrage to the adult population over 21. | ||||||
1929 (MPs) | 30 May 1929 | Ramsay MacDonald | Labour | −42 | 76.3 | The "flapper" election |
1931 (MPs) | 27 October 1931 | Ramsay MacDonald | National Labour (National Government) | 492 | 76.4 | |
1935 (MPs) | 14 November 1935 | Stanley Baldwin Neville Chamberlain Winston Churchill Winston Churchill |
Conservative (National Government) Conservative (National Government) Conservative (Wartime Coalition) Conservative (Caretaker Government) |
242 242 609 242 |
71.1 | |
The election due by 1940 was not held due to World War II (1939–1945) | ||||||
1945 (MPs) | 5 July 1945 | Clement Attlee | Labour | 146 | 72.8 | |
At this point, the
Representation of the People Act 1948 abolished
plural voting, university constituencies and the few remaining two-member constituencies. |
||||||
1950 (MPs) | 23 February 1950 | Clement Attlee | Labour | 5 | 83.9 | |
1951 (MPs) | 25 October 1951 | Sir Winston Churchill Sir Anthony Eden |
Conservative | 17 | 82.6 | |
1955 (MPs) | 26 May 1955 |
Sir Anthony Eden Harold Macmillan |
Conservative | 60 | 76.8 | |
1959 (MPs) | 8 October 1959 | Harold Macmillan Sir Alec Douglas-Home |
Conservative | 100 | 78.7 | |
1964 (MPs) | 15 October 1964 | Harold Wilson | Labour | 4 | 77.1 | |
1966 (MPs) | 31 March 1966 | Harold Wilson | Labour | 98 | 75.8 | |
At this point, the Representation of the People Act 1969 gave suffrage to the adult population over 18 years old. | ||||||
1970 (MPs) | 18 June 1970 | Edward Heath | Conservative | 30 | 72 | |
February 1974 (MPs) | 28 February 1974 | Harold Wilson | Labour (minority government) | −33 | 78.8 | Hung Parliament |
October 1974 (MPs) | 10 October 1974 | Harold Wilson James Callaghan |
Labour | 3 | 72.8 | |
1979 (MPs) | 3 May 1979 | Margaret Thatcher | Conservative | 43 | 76 | |
1983 (MPs) | 9 June 1983 | Margaret Thatcher | Conservative | 144 | 72.7 | |
1987 (MPs) | 11 June 1987 | Margaret Thatcher John Major |
Conservative | 102 | 75.3 | |
1992 (MPs) | 9 April 1992 | John Major | Conservative | 21 | 77.7 | |
1997 (MPs) | 1 May 1997 | Tony Blair | Labour | 179 | 71.4 | |
2001 (MPs) | 7 June 2001 | Tony Blair | Labour | 167 | 59.4 | |
2005 (MPs) | 5 May 2005 | Tony Blair Gordon Brown |
Labour | 66 | 61.4 | |
2010 (MPs) | 6 May 2010[31] | David Cameron | Conservative (formed coalition with Liberal Democrats) | 78 | 65.1 | Hung Parliament |
At this point, the Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 was passed. Elections are now every 5 years, barring parliamentary vote. Before this, the election could be called at any point the Prime Minister wished. | ||||||
Next general election | By 7 May 2015 |
|Note
: A negative majority means that there was a hung parliament (or minority parliament) following that election. For example, in the 1929 election, Labour was 42 seats short of forming a majority, and so its majority is listed as −42. In the case of the 2010 election, the combined majority for the coalition was 78.
Six Out Of Ten Would Be Prime Ministers Are Aliens [ 12 July 2022 ]
Liz Truss, ex-Chancellor Rishi Sunak, ex- Equalities minister Kemi Badenoch, Home Secretary Priti Patel and chairman of the Commons Foreign Affairs Committee Tom Tugendhat, enjoyed wine and conversation on the Terrace Pavilion at the Houses of Parliament.
QUOTE
Contenders for the leadership of the Conservative Party were seen out at a 1922 Committee summer reception on Monday evening after Sir Graham Brady announced that the country would have a new Prime Minister on September 5.It came just after Sir Graham Brady announced that nominations to be leader of the Conservative Party will close on Tuesday, with the first vote to be held at 1.30pm on Wednesday.
Candidates will need the backing of 20 MPs to make it into the first round vote, and another 30 MPs will have to back them if they are to make it into the second round on Thursday............
Jacob Rees-Mogg had been rumoured to be set to stand but last night ruled himself out, saying he did not want to ‘further fracture the Right’. Leading backbencher Steve Baker has warned colleagues on the Brexiteer wing over the ‘grave danger of fragmentation’.
A poll of the Tory grassroots last night put Penny Mordaunt, who has faced controversy for her views on trans rights, as their new favourite. The shock result [ sic ] raises the prospect of her facing Mr Sunak in the final run-off vote by party members.
Miss Truss fears no one on the Conservative Right will make the last two if support is split too thinly among them all.
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Shapps looks like a normal human being but he is a crooked Jew. Penny Mordaunt's father served in the Parachute Regiment & she was named after a Royal Navy warship. The Left Wing & the Lunatic Fringe are against her because she has sensible views about Transgender Crazies. She is, perhaps the pick of a bad bunch. David Davis would be my choice but he is not joining in, sad to say.
Daily Mail Puts The Boot Into Penny Mordaunt Before The Vote For Prime Minister [ 17 July 2022 ]
Real people get to vote for Penny or for alien infiltrators. But White Men Need Not Apply because Conservative Party Officials want Sunak, the Pakistani(?). Democracy? They hate it. So The Daily Mail ran five [ 5 ] articles knocking her before actual voters decide. The Mail's owner, a Tory naturally enough has an agenda.
Which Of These Toffs Will Lead Us To The Promised Land? [ 18 July 2022 ]
Will he, she or it take us unto a Shining City Upon A Hill? You can hope and even pray. But don't put money on it; save that for the Grand National or some other forlorn hope.
Liz Truss Will Get Votes From Real People To Become Prime Minister [ 22 July 2022 ]
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Liz Truss lengthened her lead over Rishi Sunak in the race to become the new Tory leader and prime minister with almost the-thirds of party members backing her to replace Boris Johnson.The Foreign Secretary was the choice of 62 per cent of the membership polled by YouGov for Sky News tonight, against 38 per cent for the ex-chancellor. The results mean she has lengthened her lead over her former colleague by four points after making a raft of populist tax cut promises.
The poll was carried out after they became the final two candidates in the leadership election, due to end at the start of September.......
The new figures came as she made a bold vow to help stay-at-home mothers and fathers today suggesting families could share tax allowances to avoid punishing carers. The PM hopeful kicked off what promises to be an intense campaign by proposing that households could 'opt in' to be treated as a single entity for tax purposes.
The move could be worth thousands of pounds to carers for children or elderly relatives. 'Hardworking families are the bedrock of a stable society, and one of my top priorities as Prime Minister would be easing the tax burden on families,' she said.
However, Ms Truss is also facing intense questioning after claiming her tax cuts will not fuel inflation, dismissing that criticism as the 'economic orthodoxy' of the Treasury.
Despite figures this morning showing government borrowing in June at the second-highest level ever, and interest on the £2.4trillion debt mountain setting a new record of £19.4billion, Ms Truss used a bullish interview on BBC Radio 4's Today programme to argue that tax cuts were the way to restore the UK's fortunes.
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Conservative Party members, real people as distinct from politicians get to vote for Liz Truss or the other one. This is good news because it makes fraud & malpractice more difficult. It is an approach called Democracy, much advertised but rarely used. As Gilad Atzmon, an honest Jew told us; Israelis realised that it is cheaper to buy the entire Western political system than buy a single tank. I suspect some wonderful people aren't bought that cheap but he is not wrong. David Davis would have gotten my vote every time; he was one of the very few who served Queen and Country. Sadly he is not running.